The Significance of HER 2 Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer Tissue Essay

The Significance of HER 2 Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer Tissue - Essay Example It has been found that up to 25% of breast cancer patients will have an amplification of the HER2/neu gene or an increase in HER2 production (Songdong et al, 2006). Additionally, any patient with amplification of this gene will generally have an increased likelihood of cancer recurrence and a more aggressive form of cancer (Meng et al, 2004). The purpose of this paper is to discuss further the significance of HER2 receptor expression in breast cancers, and describe the laboratory methods of detecting this protein in detail. This will give an overview of the complications of overexpression of HER2 and allow the reader an insight into how important the HER2 protein and the HER2/neu gene are in breast cancers and how the detection of these can allow for insight into breast cancer and can lead to a reduction in the number of fatalities from breast cancer. Significance of HER2 in Breast Cancers The significance of the HER2 protein in breast cancers has been widely discussed in the literat ure. As previously mentioned, 'Overexpression of urokinase plasminogen activator system or HER-2 (erbB-2) in breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis' (Songdong et al, 2006, p17361). ... ding two cysteine rich domains, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain, consisting of a juxtamembrane region, a tyrosine kinase domain, and a carboxyl tail harboring autophosphorylation sites' (Brennan, 2002, p328). It is the binding of certain cognate cofactors to this trans-membrane receptor that regulates cell growth and differentiation, which occurs through the activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (Brennan, 2002). This is a type of signal transduction pathway, which in the case of HER2 involves ogliomerization (Meng et al, 2004) and dimerization (Brennan, 2002). On a study of rats by Bargmann et al (1986), it was found that the neu gene (which is classed as protooncogene) is converted to the aggressive oncogene associated with overproduction of HER2 by a single point mutation at position 664 of the protein sequence. This mutation is from a valine to the negatively-charged glutamate, and is associated with an increase of the liklihood that the receptor will form ag gregates. Unfortunately, the mutation at position 664 is not found in humans, but this has given clues as to the mechanism of the HER2 protein in causing the more aggressive forms of breast cancers. `Figure 1 shows the pathway that HER2 plays a role in within the confines of breast cancer. Figure 1 – Cross-talk between signal transduction pathways and ER signaling in endocrine resistant breast cancer, with opportunities for targeted intervention (Ellis & Ma, 2007, p107) An insight into these pathways allows for recognition of interventions that can be used to negate the effects of the increased production of HER2. From figure 1, it is evident that HER2 is surface-membrane protein with a critical role in the MAPK/ERK signal transduction pathway. The MAPK/ERK pathway passes a signal from

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 47

Philosophy - Essay Example In his epistemology, David Hume held that all ideas are derived from sense experience; Hume saw ideas as nothing but memory of impressions (Solomon, Higgins, and Martin, 2011). For Hume, impressions are the immediate sensations that we have of things. For Hume, therefore, it is impossible of have ideas of things that we do not sense or we do not have their impressions. In his views on the self, David Hume argued that there is nothing like, simply because we do not have and we cannot have impressions of the self. The following is the argument that Hume advanced in support of his view that self is an illusion, and that what we call self is merely a bundle of sensations. Hume began his argument on the self by claiming that, if you think about the concept self, and if you will ask yourself which of the five senses give you the impression of self, you will realize that none of the five human senses gives one the impression of self as a unified reality. Hume claimed that when he tries to think about the concept of self, what he stumbles upon are particular perceptions such as heat or cold, love or hate, or pleasure or pain. Hume claimed that in his reflections on self, he realized that it was impossible for him to have a unified impression of self without the particular perceptions. For this reason, therefore, Hume concluded that there is no self, but what we call self is merely a bundle of sensations. Hume, however, argued that, although self is a bundle of sensations, we nevertheless have some idea of personal identity or the self. Hume reasoned that the idea of personal identify or the self that we have is an error in reasoning caused by human tendency to associate ideas and to attribute to erroneously attribute to them a causal connection. Because of this human tendency, we associate the various human perceptions and wrongly claim that these perceptions cause the impression of self. Hume, therefore, concluded that the impression of self is impossible, and for that

Role of the UN in Peace-Support Operations

Role of the UN in Peace-Support Operations THE ROLE OF THE UN IN PEACE-SUPPORT OPERATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF MALI INTRODUCTION: Since the transformation of evolution of modern state system following the treaty of west phalli in 1648, the international system has witnessed so many challenges ranging from conflicts, under-development, authoritarian, bad governance etc. This is due it the anarchy nature of the global system. Since the creation of the united nation after world war II in t 1945 the organization has been saddled with the responsibility of maintain global peace and security and to prevent the outbreak of another world war. Peace support operations has been one area the united nations has actually carried out in various states that have witnessed long protracted conflicts which includes Africa, Latin America, middle-east and Europe. It is in this light that this research paper will try to look at the role of the United Nations in peace support operations using the conflict in Mali as its thrust at analysis. METHODOLOGY: This study will look at secondary method of data analysis In order to understand the nature and dynamics of peace support operations. Sources include books and internet. UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPTS: In order to look at the subject of discourse, it is important to understand certain concepts which I belief will help me in presenting my analysis. What is Conflict? According to the oxford learner’s dictionary, conflict is defined as a situation in which people, groups, countries are involved in a serious disagreement or argument or violent situation or period of fighting between two countries. Conflict can also be seen as a situation in which there are opposing ideas, opinions, feeling or wishes. Wallensteen, (2002), said â€Å"A conflict requires a disputed comp actability; two parties strive to acquire at the same time an available set of scarce resources, which can be either material or in material†. What is Peace Support Operation? The purpose and principle of the united nation charter is to restore and maintain peace. Peace support operation is the operation that makes use of diplomatic, civil, and military to bring about peace and stability in the states. Since the end of the cold war, peace support operation has been utilized by international countries to respond to crisis and promote peace in countries undergoing challenges of war, violence etc. Overview of the Conflict in Mali There have been ongoing uprisings of conflicts in Mali since the early 1960’s till date .the first tuareg conflict started in 1963 but the not last a year because it was crushed by the military forces under the command of captain Diby sillas diarra.in June 1990 another tuareg rebellion broke out when the leader Ag Ghali of the popular movement of the liberation of azawad (MPLA) attacked a police post with a small group of solders who has just returned from an army camp in Libya. This conflict later was dissolved in a peace treaty of the Algerian brokered and a national pact of 1992. The resent conflict in Mali began on the 16th of January 2012 between the government forces and Tuareg rebels which resulted to the death of more than 200,000 people according to the report by the united nation. These group of rebels where fighting for the independence or greater autonomy for northern Mali in an area known as azawad. The rebels formed a group known as movement for the liberation of azawad (MNLA).The group is aimed at fighting to make azward an independent homeland for the tuareg people and this organization was formed in 2011. However the African union, U.S.A, E.U failed to recognize their independence, also the Security Council stated the need to uphold and respect the sovergnity unity and regional integrity of Mali and rejected any deceleration of independence in Mali. By late May 2012 the Malian government rejected the north independence also. The rebels lost control over the new state which northern Mali, which led to the takeover of the north by the Islamism militant. This caused ethnic tension in Mali since the north was taken over by the Islamic groups. The people of Mali feared the intent of sharia law in the region and a possibility of establishing terrorist activities. The Role of UN in Conflict Mediation in the Malian conflict The United Nations was formed on the 24th of October 1945, soon after the end of the Second World War. It was a successor of the League of Nations. This organization was formed to prevent the outbreak of another war since the League of Nations failed to prevent the Second World War. In 1945, 51 members met at San Francisco and signed the United Nations charter and the UN came into existence. There are currently 192 member of the United Nations, the headquarters which is at New York City USA. The United Nations has 6 recognized languages which are: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russia and Spanish. There are 6 organs in the UN these are; the general assembly, Security Council, economic and social council, secretariat, the international court of justice and the trusteeship council. Under the Security Council we have 15 members which 5 is the permanent (France, USA, UK, china and Soviet Union). The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security and a lso determines the existence of a treat of peace or acts of aggression from a state to another. The Security Council doesn’t just act on crisis, it takes time to debate and negotiated on the best possible way to handle a problem. Following the written report of the former secretary general Boutros –Boutros Ghali in 1992 â€Å"an agenda for peace†, it is the responsibility of the un security council to recognize the limitation of peace keeping and also the abstainace of war doesn’t ensure peace and security. The UN Security Council should put heads together to give the best solution for the problems at hand in matters to conflict and war. In the case of the Mali crisis the Malian government sent letters to the UN requesting the use of international force. Since the security general doesn’t just carry out orders like that they have to debate and negotiate about it, while they were doing so the French felt compelled to act immediately in other to stop the crisis from escalating and causing increasing damage. Although the French was invited by the government of Mali people still question their use of force, France defended itself saying that they have the right to collective self-defense authorized by the un secretary general in the resolution 2085 (ordered in 20th December 2012). Since the United Nations Security Council couldn’t launch military interventions under its own command, it gave the use of force and planning to the ECOWAS, AU and other states. CHALLENCES FACING UNITED NATION PEACE KEEPING MISSIONS:- Even though the United Nations has been able to achieve remarkable success iits is faced with some challenges. The Following are some of the challenges facing the United Nations Missions: 1 FINANCIAL CHALLENGE: Unlike sovereign- states whose financial capabilities are usually gotten from diverse channel, the United Nations rely solely on contributions from members – state to be able to carry out its duties effectively. Mediating in conflict and peace resolution is an expensive project which requires mobilization of resources in order to facilitate and also ensuring the degree of success in the operation. 2 Absence of a UN –Permanent Army: Another challenge facing peace-keeping operation and mission is the absence of a UN permanent Armed –forces for carrying such missions. Most times the organization rely on member states to send her own troops to the organization so as to carry out this mission in which the countries do not really want to there army. 3 Geographical and Social –Cultural challenge:- One of the success of any combatant involved in any peaceful resolution of conflicts is their degree of adaptability to the social –cultural and geographical location of the country it used in. most times the UN troops are taken to regions and areas they have little or no background knowledge on. 4 The Challenge of Clarity of the Mandate: Another challenge facing the success of peace keeping operations is the lack of a clear-cut mandate and objective the mission. The absence of a clear-cut objective of the mission is also another challenge facing the United Nations peace keeping missions. CONCLUSION:- In conclusion, the paper tries to look at the role of the united nation in the Mali conflict and the challenges they face. If the organization can be able to see other streams of getting revenue or funds it will also go a long way in reducing some of the financial mishaps it is facing particularly as it relates to Peace-Keeping operations and other humanitarian aid it offers. The United Nations should try and have Its own permanent stand –by army without relying solely on member states to help them when it want to mediate in any conflict resolution The study was able to look at concepts such as the United Nations, and the Malian conflict. REFERENCES: Conflict prevention: available at; www.bmlv.gv.at/pdf-pool/pubikationen/konfliktpraev_02_concept-challenges_e_melander-c-pigache-10.pdf accessed 20/12/2013. A/RES/47/120. An agenda for peace at; www.un.org/document/ga/res/47/a478/20.htm accessed 20/12/2013. Mali current conflict: www.geneva-academy.ch/RULAC/current=conflict.php?id_state=137 accessed 21/12/2013. United Nations Official Website: www.un.org accessed 27/12/2013. International relations and security network; www.isn.ethz.ch/digital-libary/publications/detail/?id=348 1

Teaching Philosophy Statement :: Education Teachers Classroom Essays

Teaching Philosophy Statement â€Å"I touch the future. I teach.† Christa McAuliffe’s statement about touching the future is how I feel about teaching. Being passionate about teaching and wanting to help and inspire the youth of America is my philosophy. Teaching is not always thought of as the noblest career choice, but in my eyes it is. Without the inspiration of good teachers there would be no doctor, lawyers or other teachers. I agonized over the decision of what career path to take, but it all became so clear my senior year of high school. I thought of all the teachers who had inspired me in years past to do my best and not to give up, and that is when I decided I wanted to be a teacher. There were a few teachers that made me feel they really cared about my education and my future. That is the kind of teacher I strive to be. I hope I can inspire my students to do something great with their lives. Although I was happy with my decision everyone I told thought I was crazy to want to purs ue such a â€Å"thankless job† as they called it. I saw it in another light though; teaching is something I knew would be right for me. Teachers have the ideal work schedule I think. I may have some paper work to do or school functions to attend, but this job will allow me to spend time with my family. If I decided to have children this would allow me to have the quality time I want to spend with them also. Overall the positive aspects of teaching greatly out weigh the negative ones from my point of view. My major is physical education and health, which will allow me to teach something I am passionate about; physical fitness. I believe for a student to be well balance they have to feel good and feel good about themselves. In today’s society of video games and computers children are leading more and more sedentary lifestyles. As a P.E. teacher I hope to change that and teach kids healthy habits for long-term fitness. As part of the â€Å"New P.E.† generation I think the skill-based learning with be more effective than simply just letting kids play games that they don’t have the skill for.

Language Acquisition

  Language is a systematic set of finite arbitrary symbols that are used to convey   Ã‚  information from a source to a receiver.   It is the most revolutionizing invention humans had ever made.   It made communication commit lesser errors, and be more accurate in sending information to a particular receiver.It is also one of the universal and most dynamic creations of humans.   Every human in every culture, present or past, owns a particular language that is unique compared to other languages or even to the same language at a different time.People have always been able to communicate through speech, gestures, signs and other different arbitrary symbols.   This process is called communication wherein individuals and groups are able to express what they think and feel through different languages.On contrary, it has been said that language can only be either spoken or written, and is the primary source of communication.   It may be transmitted through learning based on le arned associations between words and things.   Through it, people are not only able to share information but also, they are capable to share their cultures since language reflects culture too.The structure of language involves phonology, morphology, grammar and syntax. Phonology, considers the sound involved in language.   It is the range of possible sounds that a certain language utilizes.   These sounds do not have meaning on themselves as units.   Morphology on the other hand, deals with the combination of sounds to which they form meaningful words, phrases or sentences. These are the most basic units of language that have meanings.   Grammar is the rule in which sounds and words are to be put.   Grammatical rules include subject verb agreement and the like.   And last, syntax is the rule that governs how words should be arranged so that the information would be symbolized more accurately (Kotak, 2004).There are two aspects of communication. First is the ability to comprehend what others are trying to communicate and second, is the ability to communicate to others in a such a way that they can be understood (Hurlock, 1982).Communication requires two processes, encoding and decoding.   Encoding is when a source puts information into symbols, while decoding is the process wherein the symbolized information is turned back into conceptual information that can be understood.   There is also a concept called miscommunication wherein the information conveyed through a particular language was not decoded properly by the receiver, or that the information was sent to the wrong receiver.Considering infancy or babyhood years, it would be difficult for such babies to be understood.   And since learning to speak is not an easy task for babies, nature provides other means of communication until these babies are ready to speak. These other forms of communication are called pre-speech forms (Costello, 1976).Pre-speech forms comes in four developmental pa tterns of learning how to talk – crying, babbling, gestures and use of emotional expressions.   Crying is one of first few ways of an infant use as a form of communication.   Though adults do not always get an accurate interpretation of an infant’s cry, his cries are indications that he is trying to communicate.The different cries of a baby may indicate his hunger or pain.   Most babies learn that crying is a way to get attention before they are three months of age.   Also, crying is one of the indicators that an infant is learning.   When an infant cries, he may observe that he gets attention, and because he know that he needs attention, especially from adults, he would repeat this behavior.   And because of the repeated crying, the attention that adults give them becomes a positive reinforcer to his behavior.   With this, he learns that he can communicate with other humans with the use of crying.The previous behavior can also be seen as a springboard on which infants learn more complex forms of language, such as speech.   With pre-speech forms such as crying and babbling, he can communicate hunger or pain to adults, but when he wants to communicate their want to go out of their crib or to get a particular object they see on a distance, it would require for them to have a more complex instrument for communicating.This is evident in an infant from 3-7 months old.   The infant still cannot deliver speech, but has already learned that they can communicate through pre-speech forms.   When the baby gets hungry, he will cry.   When an adult extends both arms to gesture that he would want to carry the infant, the infant would either extend his arms if he wants to be taken or retracts if he does not want to be taken.   When a baby suddenly cries, an adult will not be readily able to understand why he is crying, but when an infant already knows how to babble some comprehensible morphemes, the caregiver would be able to tell exactl y why the infant was crying.Babbling is another form of how a baby tries to communicate (Hurlock, 1982).   It can be seen as a â€Å"prototype language† which infants can use to communicate.   Babbling can also be seen as the epitome of all human languages, because it contains the simplest units of language, phonemes and morphemes.Children from different cultures babble before they are able to speak (Lenneberg, 1967).   Babbling is actually a stage of a child wherein he or she makes different sounds but are not recognizable as words.   Infants produce sounds that can be considered as basic parts of spoken language.   It often begins on the child’s 7th or 10th months of age (Oller, 2000).   This babbling stage of a child is often reinforced by parents wherein they recognize the child by smiling or repeating the word to which the child’s babble seem to sound like.   It is also reinforced when the baby gets what he wants when he does a particular beha vior, for example, when he wants one of his parents to come, he can say â€Å"ma-ma,† or â€Å"da-da.†Gesturing, on the other hand, is a substitute that babies use for speech. This is done when children are able to say a few words and then combining these words with actions to complete their sentence or to be able to communicate to others. An example of this is a child who would say â€Å"no† and push his plate; this means that he does not like or want the food.  Ã‚   Babies can also use gestures to express emotions more.   Babies can show happiness by tapping, or show curiosity by gently touching an object.These gestures are still evident even when the infant grows up.   Most of the gestures that adults still use can also be seen in infants.   A person laughing hard may hit objects, like a table or his / her leg with an open palm.   This behavior can also be seen in infants.   The nodding and shaking of the head can also be seen both in adults and b abies.And last of the four pre-speech forms is the so-called emotional expressions.   This is said to be the most effective pre-speech form of communication because of the expressive facial gestures used by babies to communicate to others.   It is also useful because babies are not capable of controlling emotions so it is easy to identify what they feel and babies also find it easier to understand what others are trying to tell them through their facial expressions than the words being used (Hurlock, 1982).Facial expressions are very powerful communicating instruments because of the existence of five universal emotions such as anger, fear, sadness, happiness and disgust.   All humans from different cultures can understand each of these emotions.   This may be the reason why infants have been given the skill to use these emotions and show these through facial expressions.Acquisition is defined as the phase where an individual learns a new skill (Mazur, 2006).   An infant ca n be said to have acquired a new learning when it starts using the skill to produce a particular effect.   It is said that infants who â€Å"know† how to use their crying to get the adults’ attentions have already acquired the knowledge of communicating.Association is when objects are linked or connected to one another.   In this process, the child is shown two objects from which he could identify one with the help of the other.   Learning through association also involves the number of times or the frequency of an object when paired to another.   Therefore, the more frequent two objects are paired, an individual would be most likely to associate them (Mazur, 2006).This can be seen when an infant associates hunger with crying, crying with the parent’s attention, and the attention with food.   This way, whenever the baby gets hungry, he will cry thinking that food will come next.A child learns language through parents’ reinforcement of making sou nds such as babbling and cooing.   This reinforcement is often done through the so-called operant conditioning.   Reinforcement is defined as a stimulus that helps strengthen or lessen the behavior of an individual only if it is given after the specific behavior occurs.   In this case, the positive reinforcement is most commonly used wherein a child receives incentives or rewards if he did desirable things which would tend to be associated in his behaviors. Meanwhile, operant conditioning is a process wherein the subject has his or her behaviors modified through learning from the consequences of their actions.On the other hand, Noam Chomsky (1955) claimed that the human brain has limited set of rules to organize language making language have a common basis called universal grammar.   Chomsky had hypothesized that language is formed because of environmental factors.   This means language is shaped by the environment.   â€Å"One example of this is an operation that would move the second word of a sentence to the front, and thereby accounts for the fact that children tend not to try out sequences such as Of glasses water are on the table?† when they seek the interrogative counterpart of â€Å"Glasses of water are on the table. â€Å"Universal grammar is part of the knowledge that resides in the human mind of a person who knows a language. The science of linguistics tries to ascertain what constitutes universal grammar and what beyond universal grammar differentiates languages from one another† (Albert, n.d.).When a child grows up, he or she takes note of how he speaks and how he delivers different speeches. The child now learns by modeling by imitating the way adults speak and use language.   The choice of primary language is also determined by the language used by the parents.The child also becomes aware and conscious of his grammar and syntax as he communicates with others.   Grammar and syntax deal with the togetherness, order a nd arrangement of words.   The child also learns how to put words into different arrangements so that the child can communicate effectively.The Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area of the brain, both located at the cerebral cortex is important for language comprehension and speech production. If these areas would be damaged, an individual will not be able to understand any spoken language and would lose the ability to speak meaningful sentences (Mazur, 2006).ReferencesAlbert, Michael. (n.d.) Universal Grammar and Linguistics. Retrieved 4 June 2007 from Chomsky, N. (1955). Syntactic Structures. The Hague: MoutonCostello, A.J. (1976). Pre-verbal communication. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 17, 351-353.Hurlock, E. (1982). Developmental Psychology: A Life-Span Approach. Navotas: McGraw-Hill Inc. pp. 87-89.Kotak, C. P. (2004). Language and Communication. Anthropology: The Exploration of Human Diversity. 10 ed. pp. 391- 414.Lenneberg, E.H. (1967). Biological Foundations of Language. New York: WileyMazur, J. E. (2006). Learning and Behavior. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.Oller, D.K. (2000). The Emergence of the Speech Capacity. Mahwah, New Jersey: Erlbaum.

Pro and Contra Student Work

STUDENT WORK STUDY AND PRO-contrast BY MOHAMMAD ZAKARIA CHE ZAKWAN UKM: Although PTPTN loans or scholarships have been awarded, but so the price increases and cost of living are higher indeed inadequate. Therefore, they began looking at ways to overcome the financial difficulties experienced by them. According to the fourth edition of the chambers dictionary, the word â€Å"Temporary Works† means work done while normal work or other regular work. For a student, their main task is to learn and focus their attention on academic aspects, while working part-time at leisure intended to supplement pocket money or looking for work experience.If seen from the positive side, working part-time as to train students to become independent. Desire to work comes from themselves masing. Bagi some students they do not want to burden their parents with problems faced by them. Thus they take their own initiative to work part-time in order to reduce the financial burden of their parents. In addit ion, part-time work can increase revenue or give incomekepada students. With the availability of this income from part-time work, to some extent they are able to buy all the equipment needed or whether an item needs to meet themselves.Worked part-time for those who hold student status is indeed a big challenge. Both in terms of time or energy. Time constraints for a student is a challenge indeed. They need to complete assignments given by lecturers and review the lecture notes given in preparation for the final test of the semester and at the same time they have to work part-time to cover their living costs. Furthermore, the study work is also very tiring. Family life far from their need to do it all alone. Starting from toiletries, food, drink and everything should be done independently.However, every single thing that we do indeed have its own pros and contrast and need our wisdom in finding a solution. MAHASISWA KERJA SAMBIL BELAJAR DAN PRO-KONTRANYA OLEH MOHAMMAD ZAKWAN CHE ZAKA RIA UKM : Walaupun pinjaman PTPTN atau biasiswa telah diberikan namun begitu dengan kenaikan harga barang dan kos sara hidup yang semakin tinggi sememangnya masih tidak mencukupi. Oleh sebab itu, mereka mula mencari jalan penyelesaian bagi mengatasi masalah kewangan yang dialami oleh mereka.Menurut kamus dewan edisi keempat, perkataan â€Å"Kerja Sambilan† membawa maksud kerja yang dibuat disamping kerja biasa atau kerja tetap yang lain. Bagi seorang pelajar, tugas utama mereka ialah belajar dan menumpukan perhatian mereka terhadap aspek akademik, manakala bekerja sambilan pada waktu lapang bertujuan untuk menambah duit saku ataupun mencari pengalaman kerja. Jika dilihat dari sudut positif, bekerja sambilan dapat melatih mahasiswa untuk berdikari. Keinginan untuk bekerja itu datang daripada diri masing-masing.Bagi sesetengah pelajar mereka tidak mahu membebankan ibu bapa mereka dengan masalah yang dialami oleh mereka. Justeru itu mereka mengambil inisiatif sendiri dengan beke rja sambilan bagi mengurangkan beban kewangan ibu bapa mereka. Selain itu juga, bekerja sambilan dapat menambahkan pendapatan atau memberi incomekepada para pelajar. Dengan adanya pendapatan daripada kerja sambilan ini, sedikit sebanyak mereka dapat membeli segala peralatan yang diperlukan sama ada barangan keperluan ataupun untuk memenuhi kehendak diri mereka sendiri.Bekerja sambilan bagi golongan yang memegang status pelajar sememangnya merupakan satu cabaran yang besar. Baik dari segi masa mahupun tenaga. Kekangan masa bagi seorang pelajar sememangnya merupakan sesuatu yang mencabar. Mereka perlu menyiapkan tugasan yang telah diberikan oleh pensyarah serta mengulangkaji nota-nota kuliah yang diberikan sebagai persediaan untuk menghadapi ujian akhir semester dan dalam masa yang sama mereka perlu bekerja sambilan bagi menampung kos sara hidup mereka Tambahan pula, kerja sambil belajar juga amat memenatkan.Kehidupan yang jauh daripada keluarga memerlukan mereka melakukan semuanya se cara sendirian. Bermula daripada kelengkapan diri , makan, minum dan semuanya perlu dilakukan secara berdikari. Walaubagaimanapun, setiap perkara yang kita lakukan sememangnya mempunyai pro dan kontranya yang tersendiri dan memerlukan kebijaksanaan kita dalam mencari jalan penyelesaiannya.